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The Central Scientific library of Academy of Sciences of Republic of Tajikistan, the largest scientific, cultural-educational institution of Republic of Tajikistan, was established in 1933.

The library moved from collecting literature about Tajikistan and Central Asia to the acquisition of literature in many various fields of science and technology, turning it into the largest library of the Central Asian region by the end of the 20th century. At present the entire collection of the library system consists of about 1, 5 million items.

In 2003 the library, in partnership with IATP, opened an Internet access hall, allowing library readers to receive access to five databases published by EBSCO Corporation, which increased the virtual collection of the library.

The library readers are also able to work with informational resources such as resources of INASP and INTAS. Utilization of electronic versions of information sources is at present a vital necessity and expresses a definite breakthrough in the use of modern technologies.

From 2004 the Academy library has been working on the project of preservation and access to its rare books by the means of digitizing. This project is carried out with the support of the US Ambassador’s Fund on Cultural Preservation.

The library possesses a diverse book collection in more than twenty world languages, and also a unique rare books collection. The library has been embellished by the donated private collections of the noted scientists S. Oldenburg, M. Andreev, E. Pavlovskiy, I. Narzikulov, and M. Asimov. These now constitute part of the rare books collection of the library. The rare books collection of the Academy library also includes a significant miniature book collection, the exhibition of which attracts readers’ interest.

At present the library serves over 14 thousand readers a year. The traditional search system of the library consists of over 4 million catalog cards and card indexes, and also a collection of reference-bibliographic literature of more than 20 thousand items.

The library has an electronic catalog of the book collection of the project “Pushkin library”, created with the support of Soros Foundation. At present the Academy library is the only library in the republic which has created an electronic version of the catalog of dissertations defended from 1948 in the Academy of Sciences and kept in the library. The catalog uses IRBIS software.

The library is actively collaborating with the National Commission of UNESCO in their program “World Memory”, by initiating inclusion of a library manuscript of the XIV century in the International "World Memory" register.

From 1952 the library has carried out scientific-publishing activity. At present the library has published several large retrospective bibliographic indexes, as well as over 80 issues of Materials of Bio-bibliography of the Scientists of Tajikistan. Since 1955 the library has maintained an international exchange of books and journals with more than 40 partners in 22 countries.

The Academy library today places high emphasis on the popularization of, and access to, scientific knowledge and book treasures kept in the library. For that purpose, there are regularly organized book-illustrative exhibitions of thematic and personal character.

Exhibitions emphasizing friendship relations with other countries also enjoy wide popularity. There have been exhibitions devoted to the Day of India Republic, Russian Federation, Chinese Peoples Republic, Day of Kazakhstan and others.

The library hosts scientists and specialists from abroad, actively implements new information technologies, and facilitates professional development of the staff.
In the course of several years the library has been providing internships for Dushanbe university students, conducting excursions for schoolchildren, actively participating in the work of the Library Society of Tajikistan, and conducting surveys and seminars.

The work of the library is recognized with governmental awards.